Vocab test
- Los jefes – The bosses
- La secretaria – The secretary (female)
- Mi escritorio – My desk
- Los mensajes – The messages
- Las cartas – The letters
- El negocio – The business
- La oficina – The office
- Ocupado/a – Busy
- Cómodo/a – Comfortable
- Nuevo/a – New
Verb of the day
Conjugate the verb LEER (to read) in the present tense.
| Yo | Nosotros |
| Tú | Vosotros |
| Él/ Ella/ Usted | Ellos/ Ellas/ Ustedes |
Questions to answer
1. ¿Tu padre trabaja con los secretarios?
2. ¿Tú trabajas mucho los lunes?
3. ¿Quieres escribir un mensaje para el jefe?
4. Señor, ¿escribe usted un libro?
5. ¿Tú escribes con un bolígrafo o un lápiz?
6. ¿Tu madre trabaja en casa?
7. ¿Tienes problemas con el trabajo?
8. ¿Escribes muchos correos electrónicos?
A simple dialogue
Use the Spanish phrases to translate the English dialogue. Write it out and perform it.
- Hello Anna, how are you?
- I am well, but I am very busy. I have a lot of emails.
- But you have a secretary.
- Yes, my secretary works a lot.
- And your secretary is very intelligent.
- Yes. My secretary is very important for this business.
- And you have a new desk.
- I am very comfortable in my big office.
- I don’t understand. What is the problem?
- My secretary is ill today. I have to write all my emails without her help!
- Oh! So you are very busy!
Use these phrases to translate the dialogue.
¡Mi secretaria está enferma hoy! ¡Tengo que escribir todos mis correos sin su ayuda!
¡Oh! ¡Entonces estás muy ocupada!
Estoy bien, pero estoy muy ocupada. Tengo muchos correos electrónicos.
Estoy muy cómoda en mi oficina grande.
Hola, Anna, ¿cómo estás?
No entiendo. ¿Cuál es el problema?
Pero tienes una secretaria.
Sí, mi secretaria trabaja mucho.
Sí. Mi secretaria es muy importante para este negocio.
Y tienes un escritorio nuevo.
Y tu secretaria es muy inteligente.
Choose from a range of voices to read your dialogue here.
Grammar notes
* Read this information, then use it to quiz a friend.
LOS AND LAS
In Spanish, there are four different ways to say “the,” depending on the gender and number of the noun it refers to. These words are called definite articles, and they must agree in both gender and number with the noun they modify.
- El is used for singular masculine nouns: el bolígrafo = the pen
- La is used for singular feminine nouns: la oficina = the office
- Los is used for plural masculine nouns: los jefes = the bosses
- Las is used for plural feminine nouns: las cartas = the letters
Masculine nouns often end with -o, and feminine nouns often end with -a. There are exceptions that you should learn when you notice them, such as el problema, or los problemas.
In Spanish, there is also the neutral article “lo”. It is mostly used with adjectives or to generalize abstract ideas:
- lo bueno = the good thing
- lo importante = the important thing
SU
The word “su” in Spanish is a possessive adjective that can mean:
- his … el jefe tiene su carta = the boss has his letter
- her … mi madre tiene su teléfono = my mother has her telephone
- its … el perro tiene su juguete = the dog has its toy
- your … usted tiene su escritorio = you have your desk
- their … ellos tienen su negocio = they have their business
While “su” does not change based on the gender of the noun it modifies, it does change to “sus” when the noun is plural.
- Su libro (his/her/your/their book) → Sus libros (his/her/your/their books).
- Su casa (his/her/your/their house) → Sus casas (his/her/your/their houses).
Journal prompts
Write short sentences. Keep them as simple as you can.
Use a translation tool to put them into Spanish.
Write them out, then check them with your teacher. Present them to a friend, teaching your friend any new Spanish, and making sure they learn it!
| How many emails, letters and messages do you write per week? Do you want to have a secretary? Do you want to be the boss? What type of business do you have? | ¿Cuántos correos electrónicos, cartas y mensajes escribes por semana? ¿Quieres tener una secretaria? ¿Quieres ser el jefe? ¿Qué tipo de negocio tienes? |
Next lesson: 2.9 Describe emotions
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